Methods

method: (n) systematic procedure

~Webster's College Dictionary, ed.
Richard Marius. NY: McGraw Hill,
1991~

The Methods section is a description of how the research
was conducted, including who the participants were, the
design of the study, what the participants did, and what
measures were used.

Narrate the steps of your research so any scientist could replicate your procedure:

Describe what or who you measured

Describe how you measured subject(s)


Equipment


Statistical Techniques

Were you studying people, bugs, stars, cells, or aliens?

Did you give them a questionnaire, count their legs, take pictures of them, or weigh them before and after eating a quarter pounder?

Did you measure them with Likert scales, stopwatches, or your eyes?

Did you count how many quarter pounders the aliens ate, or did you perform multivariate analysis to compare green and blue aliens?

  • Detail in the Methods section is important so the reader can determine the appropriateness of the method for answering the scientific questions.
  • It is also important for another researcher to be able to replicate the study.
  • This section reads a lot like a recipe.
  • The following questions will help you evaluate the method:

Who are the participants in the study?

Are the participants appropriate for the study?

What is the research design?

Is the design appropriate for the research question(s)?

What are the measures?

Are the measures appropriate for addressing the research question(s)?

What ethical considerations are important to address? Are they all addressed in the article?

  • These questions are a mix of fact-finding questions and critical thinking questions.
  • The Method section contains scientific terms in order to clearly explain procedures to other scientists.
  • It is essential to understand exactly what was done in order to evaluate whether it was done "right."
Consider these questions as you write the Methods section:

Have you explained the samples used in the study?

Are the samples appropriate for the study?

What is the research design?

Is the design appropriate for the research question(s)?

What are the measures?

Are the measures appropriate for addressing the research question(s)?

What ethical considerations are important to address?


Sample Methods Section


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